The information that follows was provided by
Dr. Robert G. Dean who has a Ph.D. in clinical hypnotherapy and is
certified by the American Board of Hypnotherapy as a
Hypnotherapist, and certified by the Hypnotists Union, Local 472 (OPEIU,
AFL/CIO) Board of Examiners as a Master Hypnotist and Certified
Union Hypnotherapist. Now for the facts:
There are many misconceptions and superstitious beliefs regarding
hypnosis. Whenever hypnosis is used in a clinical application or
for entertainment, it attracts attention. The result is a
commentary from two different groups of people. The first group of
people are professionally knowledgeable about human behavior
(psychologists, hypnotherapists, counseling therapists, and mental
health care providers). The second group of people are those who
are ignorant and mislead by the belief system of unknowing,
misguided and superstitious people.
There are several schools of thought by clinicians as to what
hypnosis is and its appropriate application for therapy purposes
(hypnotherapy). However, most all clinicians trained in behavior
modification science and/or the study of human behavior
(psychology) have agreed that the phenomenon of hypnosis is one or
more of the following descriptions:
Hypnosis is an altered state of mind. When I say an altered
state of mind, the mind set is altered similar to how a day
dream or nocturnal dream alters the state of ones mind when they
are day dreaming or dreaming while asleep. To prove this,
consider the time when you watched a scene in a movie which was
very sad. You felt the emotion of sadness. Tears came to your
eyes. Why did you feel so sad that it caused tears to form in your
eyes? Let's examine that. You simply were watching a movie. The
scene in the movie was not real. It was acted out by an
actor. Nevertheless, you felt sad and wept while watching the
scene. What happened is the implied suggestions of sadness in
the movie scene bypassed your conscious mind and entered
your subconscious mind which created an altered state
of consciousness. While in this altered state of
consciousness, which we call hypnosis, the suggestion of
sadness (portrayed and implied by the actor) was accepted by your
subconscious mind, which in turn caused you to feel sad and tears
to form in your eyes. What really happened is you entered a
light state of hypnosis, or put in different words, an altered
state of mind.
From the foregoing example we can see that you have two minds.
You have a conscious mind and a subconscious mind
(sometimes called the unconscious mind). The conscious mind
functions with the use of logic. It concludes that 2+2 = 4. Your
subconscious mind does not always think logically. It sees
2+2 equals whatever it desires to create, believe, is
self-suggested, or suggested by the therapist. When you were
watching the movie, you entered an altered state of mind which
is called hypnosis. The scene in the movie caused a
temporary shut down of the conscious mind's logical analysis. As
you progressed more deeply into the movie's plot, it slowly caused
your conscious mind to become oblivious of the fact you were
watching an artificially produced image (a movie). At that point,
all the information you were taking in from the movie (including
the sad scene) bypassed your conscious mind (which does critical
analysis) and went directly to your subconscious mind. In
turn, your subconscious mind illogically responded to the
sad scene and reacted to it as if it were real. Therefore, you
felt sad, and tears came to your eyes.
It's obvious that the subconscious mind is capable of
responding to direct and implied suggestions (like those in a
movie scene or that are given by a hypnotist). It doesn't matter
if the suggestions are true or false. The subconscious mind
responds to acceptable suggestions as if they are real.
This is how a woman can be hypnotized to deliver her baby without
feeling pain, a hypnotized man can have a root canal without
feeling pain, or a well-made movie can hypnotically evoke emotions
of sadness, excitement, anger or laughter from its viewer.
Fortunately, one's free agency cannot be overruled merely
by suggestion or hypnosis. For instance, when you experience a sad
movie which makes you sad and weep, you are watching the movie
with your permission. You had a mind set (an
expectation) that you were going to watch the movie and be
entertained which included the experience of the emotions
generated by the story, through the actors. Therefore, if the
movie is a comedy, you fully expected it to amuse you, and
make you laugh. If the movie is a horror story, you expected it to
frighten you. If the movie was sad, you expected it to evoke
feelings of sadness within you. Therefore, one's mind set
or level of expectation is a mandatory prelude to achieving
an altered state of mind (which is hypnosis). Because of
this fact, nobody can be hypnotized nor can their mind be placed
into an altered state without their permission. Therefore,
a human being cannot be hypnotized against his or her will.
Other facts about hypnosis you should
know:
Hypnosis causes neural activity to be excited within certain
parts of your brain. This can be observed on devices that measure
brain wave activity. Brain wave activity changes when the mind
enters an altered state (hypnosis). This is just as natural
as entering a dream state or being in a state of deep meditation.
- Hypnosis is amplification of one's imagination.
- Hypnosis is a state in which the conscious mind
is experiencing an excess of information (overload)
through one or more of the primary senses (hearing, sight,
smell, touch, and taste). This overload is caused by the
narrowing of one's focus on one's own thoughts or an outside
source such as the suggestive statements of another person. Example:
When you are driving down the highway in deep thought on a
given subject (your mind is being overloaded with your
thoughts) and you miss a turnoff. You were, at the time you
passed your turnoff, in a light state of hypnosis. You were so
deeply and narrowly focused on what you were thinking
about, you became oblivious to the turnoff, and drove past it.
- Hypnosis is a process which the client or a
hypnotist guides the client past the client's conscious
thinking which in turn causes direct accesses to the client's subconscious
mind. Once access to the subconscious mind is achieved (when
one enters the hypnotic state), the subconscious mind can be
given directions and suggestions by one's self or by a
hypnotherapist. The suggestions presented may or may not be
accepted. If they are accepted, they are acted upon by the
hypnotized subject, and sometimes without conscious awareness.
Generally speaking, the subconscious mind will not cause any
change in one's behavior which it knows is a detriment to
itself (meaning you), other people, things or property.
- Accessing the subconscious mind (the act of
inducing a person into a hypnotic state) can be done using a
variety of induction methods such as progressive relaxation,
imaging, visualization, overloading the conscious mind,
implied and indirect suggestion, fervent prayer, chanting,
cult dancing and music.
- Hypnosis, when used in hypnotherapy, is not
a belief system. It doesn't matter whether you believe in it
or not. It works for the vast majority of the human race. The
use of clinical hypnosis to modify behavior is a science.
It is a clearly understood phenomenon which is primarily used
in clinical applications to modify behavior in order to
eliminate specific disorders and undesirable habits. It is
also used for entertainment such as hypnotist's stage shows.
Hypnotic therapy is taught in most every major university
which has a department of psychology. Hypnoanesthesia is used
by many medical doctors (pain-free surgery without use of
anesthesia). Dentists use hypnosis to eliminate fear of
dentistry, to relax their patient and to eliminate pain caused
by tooth filling, tooth extraction, and root canal procedures.
They also use it to eliminate bruxism (grinding of teeth).
- Many psychologists and other health care
providers use hypnosis to help their client's achieve goals
and to promote better mental health. Hypnosis, and its use in
clinical therapy (hypnotic therapy), is endorsed by the
American Medical Association and the American Psychological
Association.
- Almost everyone enters an altered state of mind
(hypnosis) daily (even those who believe they cannot be
hypnotized or that hypnosis is unnatural, weird, demonic or in
some way anti-Christ). Whenever you are in deep thought,
meditating, engaged in solemn prayer, spellbound by a movie,
entranced in a television show or engrossed in a good book,
you are in a light state of hypnosis. Anytime you
respond to a suggestion, either directly, or indirectly, you
are experiencing a light state of hypnosis. An example
is when a comedian acts out bizarre behavior which makes you
laugh. The comedian's suggestive comical behavior, and
comments are exaggerated or simply not true, but they are
funny, and you laugh. If you seriously and critically analyzed
the comedian's bizarre antics, and comments, they would not be
funny to you. Try this experiment: Watch a comedian or sitcom
that normally makes you laugh. Remain serious and critically
analyze everything the comedian is saying and doing (which
keeps you functioning at your conscious mind's level and
blocks access to your subconscious mind). You will not
find the comedian or sitcom funny. Why? Your logical conscious
mind is in a state of analysis. Whenever the conscious
mind is in a state of analysis, it is impossible to access
your subconscious mind and enter an altered state of
mind. In other words, it's impossible to achieve the state of
hypnosis while critically analyzing the process of being
hypnotized.
- The conscious mind has to be moved out of
the way or in some manner diverted to allow access to the subconscious
mind. Many methods have been devised to accomplish this. Any
method which effectively bypasses the conscious mind and
obtains access to the subconscious mind can broadly be defined
as hypnosis. The most common methods used to bypass the
conscious mind to allow access to the subconscious mind are:
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- Progressive relaxation
Confusion
Overload
Guided imagery (visualization)
Biofeedback
Prayer
Meditation
- Hypnosis is not brain washing. The term brain
washing is a colloquial term used by the military and
intelligence agencies for the forceful extraction of
secrets and intelligence data from individuals utilizing
psychological and physiological methods. It is also used by
intelligence agencies and cults to modify belief systems to
accomplish a predefined behavior. Brain washing incorporates
the use of prolonged, repetition of psychologically driven
cult dogma and rituals, or the application of physical and
psychological torture methods which produce prolonged,
agonizing, controlled pain or discomfort to force behavior to
change or a confession of information. Brain washing can also
be accomplished with the use of drugs which inhibit the
brain's ability to use logic and resistance which facilitates
easier access to the conscious and subconscious minds from
which intelligence data may be extracted.
- A hypnotized person will not reveal any personal
information or secrets unless he/she wants to.
- A hypnotized person is capable of confabulation
(making up stories, exaggerations and lies). A hypnotized
person cannot be forced to tell the truth via hypnotic
interrogation. This is why testimony derived from a hypnotized
subject is not admissible as evidence in a court of law in the
United States.
- Professional, clinical hypnotherapy has
absolutely nothing to do with any religion, spiritualism,
demons, satanism, witchcraft, Lucifer, or any other kind of
evil icon. Anyone who tells you it does is ignorant of
the science of hypnosis.
- Do not confuse hypnosis with the trance state
which people appear to be in while performing a religious or
cult ritual like voodoo dancing, screaming and
chanting. When observing such phenomena, you are observing a
state of hysteria.
- Some people, particularly those that are members
of certain secular religious groups, and have no training in
modern psychology, believe that accessing a person's mind
using hypnotism exposes the subject's mind to demonic forces
and like evil spirits. They believe one gives up their free
agency and self-will to the control of these imaginary evil
ghosts and beings. Such ignorant people cannot, in any
understandable manner, substantiate their claim of a person
being demonically possessed while in a state of hypnosis. Such
people who claim demonic possession happens or is possible
have beliefs which are based purely on ignorance,
fear, and superstition. Anyone who acts out as
if possessed by some evil entity is in a state of self-induced
hysteria.
- The only main stream religions which forbid the
use of clinical hypnotherapy for their members are Christian
Science and Seventh-Day Adventist. Other religions of which I
am aware embrace modern, clinical hypnotherapy as a modality
used for positive behavior modification, vocational, and
avocational improvement.
- Some religions frown on stage hypnosis
for entertainment purposes, but endorse hypnosis for therapy
purposes.
- The only person who has the authority and power
to hypnotize you, is you! The reason for this is simple.
Technically, all hypnosis is self-hypnosis. When a
hypnotherapist is engaged in the process of hypnotizing you,
it is actually you who are hypnotizing yourself with his guidance.
The hypnotherapist is merely guiding you into the
hypnotic state with your permission; however, it is only you
who puts yourself into a state of hypnosis acting on the
suggestions given to you by the hypnotherapist. If you gave
yourself the same suggestions that a hypnotherapist would give
to you, and self-acted them out, you would enter the same
state of hypnosis the hypnotherapist would have guided you
into. When you hypnotize yourself, it is called auto-suggestion
or self-hypnosis.
- Most people do not know the correct techniques
to provide themselves the proper suggestions to cause a
self-induced hypnotic trance. It is a skill which is
learned. Therefore, most people who seek hypnotherapy rely on
a clinician who is properly trained and experienced in the
clinical application of hypnosis to guide them into a hypnotic
state. This is called hetero-hypnosis. If you want to
learn how to hypnotize yourself for self-improvement, you
should complete the appropriate courses in self-hypnosis which
are available from state certified schools and accredited
universities. If you do not want to take the time to learn
self-hypnosis, then you will need to rely on a professional
hypnotherapist to help you achieve a hypnotic state.
- The vast majority of the human race is
hypnotizable. It is estimated that more than 90% of the
world's population is hypnotizable.
- In my professional opinion, the only people who
cannot be hypnotized are those that have the following
disorders:
- Mentally retarded, with a clinically
diagnosed intelligence score indicating an intelligence
range from moron down to an idiot.
- Refractory. Consistently resistant due to
a belief system, antisocial behavioral disorder, or
paranoia.
- The complete inability to use imagination.
- Intellectual, analytical, suggestible
personality (without instruction)
- Certain severe, psychopathological
disorders such as schizophrenia, acute anxiety which cause
panic attacks, and certain severe personality disorders.
- People who are blind can be hypnotized.
- People who are hearing impaired or completely
deaf can be hypnotized with use of visual signing.
- The more intelligent a person is, provided they
are mentally stable, the more susceptible they are to
hypnosis. Intelligent people enter into hypnosis quite easily.
- People who are in an altered state of mind
(hypnosis) are always in control of themselves. They are aware
of what is going on. They remain conscious. All the primary
and secondary autonomic body functions, and mental processes
are fully functional, and in certain instances are amplified.
- A person in a state of hypnosis can hear, see,
feel, taste and smell just as well as they do in an
unhypnotized state.
- People in a hypnotic trance have the ability to
self-terminate their trance instantly, and at any time. You
cannot be made to remain in a hypnotic state.
- An altered state of mind (hypnosis) can be
induced via a post hypnotic suggestion. For instance, a
therapist may assist the client to implant the suggestion into
the client's mind that when he (the therapist) says the word sleep
(or any other key word suggested) the client will immediately
return to a hypnotic trance, swiftly, deeply and soundly.
Provided the client discerns there is no detriment to this
suggestion, and agrees to it, thereafter, every time the
therapist says to the client, sleep, the client
goes into a hypnotic trance. This is ideal for repetitious
therapy. It shortens the time necessary to induce the client
into the hypnotic state for each therapy session, and allows
more time for the application of therapeutic counseling while
the client is in a state of hypnosis. A post hypnotic
suggestion may also be structured to trigger an act or certain
behavior by the client. For instance, a suggestion may be
given to a client that every time he lifts off the ground
while in an airplane, he immediately becomes deeply relaxed
and has no fear of flight. The result is the client's phobia
(fear of flying) is countered and relieved via the post
hypnotic suggestion.
- Now you have many facts regarding hypnosis which
is substantiated with volumes of clinical data and hard
scientific research. Hypnotherapy is safe when used by
professional clinicians to benefit their clients. It works in
a positive manner. It is the first choice of therapy
used by thousands of health care professionals to assist
their clients, change behavior, and to cause improvements in
vocation, avocation, life style, physical and mental health.
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